Raspberry Pi & 3.5" TFT & Chromium as Kiosk

Tested with Raspbian GNU/Linux 10 (buster)

Filesctructure in /src:exclamation:

• Raspberry Pi & 3.5" TFT & Chromium as Kiosk
  • To Do
  • Setup Kiosk
    • 1. Prepare Raspberry Pi
    • 2. Use privided Repository
    • 3. Configure Boot overlays
      • 1. Enable Interfaces
      • 2. Add the copied boot overly to the config.txt
    • 4. Configure command line
    • 5. Reboot the Raspberry Pi
    • 6. Enable Interfaces
    • 7. Install GUI components and Chromium
      • 1. Minimun GUI components
      • 2. Chromium
    • 8. Edit Openbox config
      • 1. Config power management
      • 2. Supress error messages in case of chromium crashing
      • 3. Configure Chromium start flags
    • 9. Edit Openbox env
    • 10. Configure X server to start on boot
    • 11. Configure Xorg
    • 12. Configure Cronjob for scheduled reboot
  • Setup lighttpd web server
    • 1. Prepare Raspberry Pi (again)
    • 2. Install and test lighttpd
    • 3. Install and test php mod
    • 4. Show local webserver on the 3.5" kiosk
  • X. References

To Do

• [ ] Test /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/99-fbturbo.conf for unnecessary lines
• [X] As Container (Docker) (undocumented)
• [X] Local web-server
  • Lighttpd
    • + PHP
    • Install as?
      • [X] Bare metal (kiosk will use localhost)
  • [X] FTP-Server
    • Using sftp (ssh)
• [X] Cron Reboot every day
  • Cron Setup
• [ ] (Optional) Add good powersaving options (screen only)

Setup Kiosk

1. Prepare Raspberry Pi

1. Install Raspbian Lite

   • Make sure SSH is enabled
     • Create an empty file named ssh in the boot partition

2. Connect via SSH with the username pi - the standard password is "raspberry"

3. Update

  sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

3. Install Git

  sudo apt-get install -y git

2. Use privided Repository

1. Git Clone GoodTFT/LCD-show

  git clone https://github.com/goodtft/LCD-show.git
  cd LCD-show

2. Copy boot overlays

  sudo cp ./usr/tft35a-overlay.dtb /boot/overlays/tft35a.dtbo

3. Configure Boot overlays

1. Enable Interfaces

Use sudo raspi-config and navigate to 5 Interfacing Options and enable:

• P4 SPI
• P5 I²C (may not be needed)
• P6 Serial (may not be needed)

2. Add the copied boot overly to the config.txt

1. Open /boot/config.txt with a text editor (e.g. vi or nano) and add the following at the end:

  #Adjust Rotation if needed
  dtoverlay=tft35a:rotate=270

2. Adjust Overscan:

  # uncomment this if your display has a black border of unused pixels visible
  # and your display can output without overscan
  disable_overscan=0

  # uncomment the following to adjust overscan. Use positive numbers if console
  # goes off screen, and negative if there is too much border
  #overscan_left=16
  #overscan_right=16
  #overscan_top=16
  #overscan_bottom=16

3. Also add the following if needed:

  # Interface options
  dtparam=spi=on
  dtparam=i2c_arm=on
  enable_uart=1

4. Configure command line

• Open /boot/cmdline.txt with a text editor (e.g. vi or nano) and add the following at the end of the line:

  fbcon=map:10 fbcon=font:ProFont6x11

5. Reboot the Raspberry Pi (optional)

  sudo reboot

6. Enable Interfaces

• Use sudo raspi-config and navigate to 3 Boot Options

  • Go to B1 Desktop / CLI

    • Select B2 Console Autologin

• When asked to reboot, select Yes.

7. Install GUI components and Chromium

This may take some time!

1. Minimun GUI components

sudo apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends xserver-xorg x11-xserver-utils xinit openbox

2. Chromium

sudo apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends chromium-browser

8. Edit Openbox config

From Raspberry Pi Touchscreen Kiosk Setup | desertbot.io:

The Openbox window manager will be used to launch the Chromium browser.

When Openbox launches at startup it will run two scripts in the /etc/xdg/openbox folder. The first, environment will setup any environment variables, etc. The second, autostart will setup and launch whatever app you specify.

1. Config power management

• Open /etc/xdg/openbox/autostart with a text editor (e.g. vi or nano) and add the following at the end of the file:

  xset -dpms       # turn off display power management system
  xset s noblank   # turn off screen blanking
  xset s off       # turn off screen saver

2. Supress error messages in case of chromium crashing

• Open /etc/xdg/openbox/autostart with a text editor (e.g. vi or nano) and add the following at the end of the file:

  # Remove exit errors from the config files that could trigger a warning
  sed -i 's/"exited_cleanly":false/"exited_cleanly":true/' ~/.config/chromium/'Local State'
  sed -i 's/"exited_cleanly":false/"exited_cleanly":true/; s/"exit_type":"[^"]\+"/"exit_type":"Normal"/' ~/.config/chromium/Default/Preferences

3. Configure Chromium start flags

• Using the env-var $KIOSK_URL
  • Will be created in the next step

  chromium-browser --noerrdialogs --disable-infobars --incognito --touch-events --kiosk $KIOSK_URL
  #chromium-browser --noerrdialogs --disable-infobars --incognito --touch-events --disable-translate --disable-features=TranslateUI --kiosk $KIOSK_URL

9. Edit Openbox env

• Open /etc/xdg/openbox/environment with a text editor (e.g. vi or nano) and add the following at the end of the file:

  export KIOSK_URL=https://google.com

• (Optional) Create a symbolic link to the env-var file in the home directory for easy editing

  ln -s /etc/xdg/openbox/environment ~/env-var

10. Configure X server to start on boot

1. Create .bash_profile in the /home/pi directory if it's not existing

  touch ~/.bash_profile

2. Open ~/.bash_profile with a text editor (e.g. vi or nano) and add the following at the end of the file:

  if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
  fi

  [[ -z $DISPLAY && $XDG_VTNR -eq 1 ]] && startx -- -nocursor

3. Validate the file

  source ~/.bash_profile

4. Reboot if no errors occured

  sudo reboot

11. Configure Xorg

1. Create 99-fbturbo.conf in the /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d directory if it's not existing

  touch /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/99-fbturbo.conf

2. Open /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/99-fbturbo.conf with a text editor (e.g. vi or nano) and add the following at the end of the file:

Section "InputClass"
   Identifier "calibration"
   MatchProduct "ADS7846 Touchscreen"
   # Hat trick to get the pen to work properly on the touch screen, rotate 90 degrees clockwise:
   Option "TransformationMatrix" "0 -1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1"
   # Touch screen rotation by 90deg
   #Option "TransformationMatrix" "0 1 0 -1 0 1 0 0 1"
   # Don't use libinput but evdev for the touch screen and the pen so calibration works:
   Driver "evdev"
   Option "Calibration"   "3936 227 268 3880"
   Option "InvertY" "true"
   #Option "InvertX" "true"
   # Right mouse button is long press with pen:
   Option "EmulateThirdButton" "1"
   Option "EmulateThirdButtonTimeout" "750"
   Option "EmulateThirdButtonMoveThreshold" "30"
EndSection

Section "Device"
   # WaveShare SpotPear 3.5", framebuffer 1
   Identifier "uga"
   driver "fbdev"
   # Switch to /dev/fb0 for default output (usually hdmi)
   Option "fbdev" "/dev/fb1"
   Option "ShadowFB" "off"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
   # Primary monitor. WaveShare SpotPear 480x320
   Identifier "WSSP"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
   Identifier "primary"
   Device "uga"
   Monitor "WSSP"
EndSection

Section "ServerLayout"
   Identifier "default"
   Screen 0 "primary"
EndSection

3. Install the evdev driver

  sudo apt-get install -y xserver-xorg-input-evdev

4. Reboot the Raspberry Pi

The Raspberry basic configuration ends after the reboot. In the next steps a local webserver will be installed, so it doesn't rely on an internet connection.

12. Configure Cronjob for scheduled reboot

1. Open the root crontab with sudo crontab -e

2. Add the following entry in a new line of the file

  # m h dom mon dow user command
  30 3 * * * sudo /sbin/shutdown -r now

3. Exit the editor to automatically install the new crontab-file

Alternative variant:

1. Create a cron file scheduledreboots in /etc/cron.d/

 touch /etc/cron.d/scheduledreboots

2. Open /etc/cron.d/scheduledreboots with a text editor (e.g. vi or nano) and add >the following:

 # m h dom mon dow user command
 30 3 * * * sudo /sbin/shutdown -r now

• The Raspberry will now restart every night at 3:30am

3. Reboot the Raspberry Pi to make sure Cron picked up the new job file.

 sudo reboot

• The Raspberry Pi basic configuration ends after the reboot. In the next steps a local webserver will be installed, so it doesn't rely on an internet connection.

Setup lighttpd web server

1. Prepare Raspberry Pi (again)

1. Update

  sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

2. Make sure to remove apache

  sudo apt-get remove apache2

2. Install and test lighttpd

1. Install lighttpd

  sudo apt-get install lighttpd

2. Create index.html in the /var/www/html/ directory if it's not existing

  touch /var/www/html/index.html

3. Open /var/www/html/index.html with a text editor (e.g. vi or nano) and add the following code for testing purposes:

  <h1>This is a TEST!</h1>

4. Get your hostname or ip adress

   • IP Adress: Look for eth0 or wlan0

    ip a

   • Hostname

      hostname -I

5. Access that host/ip via a web browser from a device in the same network and hope it's showing the This is a TEST!-Heading :pray:

6. Adjust rights for /var/www/html/ so pi-user can edit files via sftp

  sudo groupadd www-data
  sudo usermod -G www-data -a pi
  sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html
  sudo chmod -R 775 /var/www/html

7. Reload lighttpd (may not be required)

  sudo service lighttpd force-reload

3. Install and test php mod

1. Install:

  sudo apt-get install -y php7.3-fpm php7.3-mbstring php7.3-mysql php7.3-curl php7.3-gd php7.3-curl php7.3-zip php7.3-xml php7.3-soap

2. Enable mods in lighttpd

  sudo lighttpd-enable-mod fastcgi
  sudo lighttpd-enable-mod fastcgi-php

3. Edit the lighttpd fastcgi config

   • Open /etc/lighttpd/conf-available/15-fastcgi-php.conf with a text editor (e.g. vi or nano) and replace the contents with:

      # -*- depends: fastcgi -*-
      # /usr/share/doc/lighttpd/fastcgi.txt.gz
      # http://redmine.lighttpd.net/projects/lighttpd/wiki/Docs:ConfigurationOptions#mod_fastcgi-fastcgi
   
      ## Start an FastCGI server for php (needs the php5-cgi package)
      fastcgi.server += ( ".php" =>
              ((
                      "socket" => "/var/run/php/php7.3-fpm.sock",
                      "broken-scriptfilename" => "enable"
              ))
      )

4. Reload the lighttpd service

  sudo service lighttpd force-reload

5. Rename the .htmlfile to index.php

  sudo mv /var/www/html/index.html /var/www/html/index.php

6. Open /var/www/html/index.php with a text editor (e.g. vi or nano) and place the following in a new line:

  <?php phpinfo(); ?>

• The file should now look like this:

  <h1>This is a  TEST!</h1>
  <?php phpinfo(); ?>

7. Access that host/ip via a web browser from a device in the same network and hope it's showing the the php-info :pray:

4. Show local webserver on the 3.5" kiosk

1. Open /etc/xdg/openbox/environment with a text editor (e.g. vi or nano). If the symlink is present it can be used:

  sudo nano ~/env-var

2. Change the value of the last uncommented line, the env var for openbox, to see the local webserver on the raspberry pi's touchscreen. It should look like this:

  # Probably some comments
  # More comments

  export KIOSK_URL=localhost

X. References

• Setting up an LCD screen on the Raspberry Pi, 2019 edition
• Raspberry Pi Touchscreen Kiosk Setup | desertbot.io
• GoodTFT 3.5" screen from Aliexpress - Raspberry Pi Forums
• How to setup Raspberry Pi Lighttpd - Pi My Life Up

(Used in that order)