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i18next-express-middleware

i18next-express-middleware

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About i18next-express-middleware

i18next-express-middleware is a deprecated express.js middleware for integrating the i18next internationalization library into Node.js web applications. It attaches i18next translation functions to incoming requests, allowing route handlers and views to access translations via req.t, req.i18n, req.language, and req.languages. The module includes a LanguageDetector component that identifies the user's preferred language from multiple sources including URL paths, query strings, cookies, HTTP headers, and sessions, with configurable lookup keys and detection order. It supports ignoring specific routes and removing language codes from URLs. The middleware provides helper route handlers for reporting missing translation keys and serving resources JSON for multiple languages. It also enables adding localized routes directly to an express app or router. This package has been deprecated and should be replaced with i18next-http-middleware, which is framework-agnostic and plugs into any Node.js HTTP-based application i

Platforms

Web Self-hosted

Languages

JavaScript

DEPRECATED

Can be replaced with: i18next-http-middleware


Introduction

This is a middleware to use i18next in express.js.

Getting started

Source can be loaded via npm.

# npm package
$ npm install i18next-express-middleware

wire up i18next to request object

var i18next = require("i18next");
var middleware = require("i18next-express-middleware");
var express = require("express");

i18next.use(middleware.LanguageDetector).init({
  preload: ["en", "de", "it"],
  ...otherOptions
});

var app = express();
app.use(
  middleware.handle(i18next, {
    ignoreRoutes: ["/foo"], // or function(req, res, options, i18next) { /* return true to ignore */ }
    removeLngFromUrl: false
  })
);

// in your request handler
app.get("myRoute", function(req, res) {
  var lng = req.language; // 'de-CH'
  var lngs = req.languages; // ['de-CH', 'de', 'en']
  req.i18n.changeLanguage("en"); // will not load that!!! assert it was preloaded

  var exists = req.i18n.exists("myKey");
  var translation = req.t("myKey");
});

// in your views, eg. in pug (ex. jade)
div = t("myKey");

add routes

// missing keys; make sure the body is parsed (i.e. with [body-parser](https://github.com/expressjs/body-parser#bodyparserjsonoptions))
app.post("/locales/add/:lng/:ns", middleware.missingKeyHandler(i18next));

// multiload backend route
app.get("/locales/resources.json", middleware.getResourcesHandler(i18next));

add localized routes

You can add your routes directly to the express app

var express = require("express"),
  app = express(),
  i18next = require("i18next"),
  FilesystemBackend = require("i18next-node-fs-backend"),
  i18nextMiddleware = require("i18next-express-middleware"),
  port = 3000;

i18next
  .use(i18nextMiddleware.LanguageDetector)
  .use(FilesystemBackend)
  .init({ preload: ["en", "de", "it"], ...otherOptions }, function() {
    i18nextMiddleware.addRoute(
      i18next,
      "/:lng/key-to-translate",
      ["en", "de", "it"],
      app,
      "get",
      function(req, res) {
        //endpoint function
      }
    );
  });
app.use(i18nextMiddleware.handle(i18next));
app.listen(port, function() {
  console.log("Server listening on port", port);
});

or to an express router

var express = require("express"),
  app = express(),
  i18next = require("i18next"),
  FilesystemBackend = require("i18next-node-fs-backend"),
  i18nextMiddleware = require("i18next-express-middleware"),
  router = require("express").Router(),
  port = 3000;

i18next
  .use(i18nextMiddleware.LanguageDetector)
  .use(FilesystemBackend)
  .init({ preload: ["en", "de", "it"], ...otherOptions }, function() {
    i18nextMiddleware.addRoute(
      i18next,
      "/:lng/key-to-translate",
      ["en", "de", "it"],
      router,
      "get",
      function(req, res) {
        //endpoint function
      }
    );
    app.use("/", router);
  });
app.use(i18nextMiddleware.handle(i18next));
app.listen(port, function() {
  console.log("Server listening on port", port);
});

language detection

Detects user language from current request. Comes with support for:

  • path
  • cookie
  • header
  • querystring
  • session

Wiring up:

var i18next = require("i18next");
var middleware = require("i18next-express-middleware");

i18next.use(middleware.LanguageDetector).init(i18nextOptions);

As with all modules you can either pass the constructor function (class) to the i18next.use or a concrete instance.

Detector Options

{
  // order and from where user language should be detected
  order: [/*'path', 'session', */ 'querystring', 'cookie', 'header'],

  // keys or params to lookup language from
  lookupQuerystring: 'lng',
  lookupCookie: 'i18next',
  lookupHeader: 'accept-language',
  lookupSession: 'lng',
  lookupPath: 'lng',
  lookupFromPathIndex: 0,

  // cache user language
  caches: false, // ['cookie']

  // optional expire and domain for set cookie
  cookieExpirationDate: new Date(),
  cookieDomain: 'myDomain',
  cookieSecure: true // if need secure cookie
}

Options can be passed in:

preferred - by setting options.detection in i18next.init:

var i18next = require("i18next");
var middleware = require("i18next-express-middleware");

i18next.use(middleware.LanguageDetector).init({
  detection: options
});

on construction:

var middleware = require("i18next-express-middleware");
var lngDetector = new middleware.LanguageDetector(null, options);

via calling init:

var middleware = require("i18next-express-middleware");

var lngDetector = new middleware.LanguageDetector();
lngDetector.init(options);

Adding own detection functionality

interface

module.exports = {
  name: 'myDetectorsName',

  lookup: function(req, res, options) {
    // options -> are passed in options
    return 'en';
  },

  cacheUserLanguage: function(req, res, lng, options) {
    // options -> are passed in options
    // lng -> current language, will be called after init and on changeLanguage

    // store it
  }
};

adding it

var i18next = require("i18next");
var middleware = require("i18next-express-middleware");

var lngDetector = new middleware.LanguageDetector();
lngDetector.addDetector(myDetector);

i18next.use(lngDetector).init({
  detection: options
});

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